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Saturday, May 24, 2003
Posted by: Awaaz / 5/24/2003 08:42:10 PMSouth Asia Citizens Wire Alert !
28 April 2003
[ Groups of the Hindu Supremacist Right are now attacking Dr. Romila
Thapar one of India's most distinguished and well known historians.
The Library of Congress in Washington recently named Romila Thapar as
Holder of the Kluge Chair in Countries and Cultures of the
South. Activists of the Hindu Right are currently running a petition
against her appointment. Romila Thapar like many of her colleagues
from Indian intelligentsia have written and spoken against the
systematic onslaught on the secular foundations of the educational
system by the forces of the Hindu right. Here is some information and
background information below for those who may want to take this
issue up and write about the implications of the ongoing cabal by
Hindutva propagandists to promote "rewriting" of history text books
and to target India's well known historians and intellectuals who
question these moves.]
____________
#1.
Rediff.com (India)
25 Apr 2003
http://www.rediff.com/us/2003/apr/25us1.htm
Romila Thapar's appointment to Library of Congress opposed
April 25, 2003 05:33 IST
A petition is circulating on the Internet against the appointment of
Professor Romila Thapar as First Holder of the Kluge Chair in
Countries and Cultures of the South at the Library of Congress.
The petitioners allege that she is a Marxist and anti-Hindu and it is
a waste of US money to support a Leftist.
The Librarian of Congress, James H Billington, appointed Thapar
last week and she has already started work, Robert Saladini, a
spokesperson for the library, said. He said he has no information
on the petition.
The petition can be viewed at:
http://www.petitiononline.com/108india/petition.html
The holder of the chair, which is located in the John W Kluge
Center of the Library of Congress, pursues research on the regions
of Africa, Latin America, West Asia, South and Southeast Asia, or
the islands of the Pacific including Australia and New Zealand,
using the immense foreign language collections in the specialised
reading rooms of the Library of Congress.
Thapar will spend ten months at the John W Kluge Center
pursuing 'Historical Consciousness in Early India' as her area of
research.
Thapar, emeritus professor of Ancient Indian History at Jawaharlal
Nehru University in New Delhi, who has served as visiting
professor at Cornell University and the University of Pennsylvania,
is an authority on Indian history.
The author of many seminal works on the history of ancient India,
her volume of the 'Penguin History of India' has been continuously
in print since 1966. Her latest publication is 'Early India: From the
Origins to AD 1300'. Other recent works are 'History and Beyond'
and 'Cultural Pasts: Essays in Early Indian History'.
She has held many visiting posts in Europe, the United States and
Japan. She is an Honorary Fellow at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford,
and at the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of
London. She has honorary doctorates from the University of
Chicago, the Institute National des Langues et Civilisations
Orientales in Paris, the University of Oxford and the University of
Calcutta.
Through a generous endowment from John W Kluge, the Library
of Congress established the center in 2000 to bring together the
world's best thinkers to stimulate, energise, and distil wisdom from
the library's rich resources and to interact with policy makers in
Washington, DC.
The center houses five senior Kluge Chairs.
The petitioners say: "It is a great travesty that Romila Thapar has
been appointed the first holder of the Kluge Chair.
"In regards to India, she is an avowed antagonist of India's Hindu
civilization as a well-known Marxist. She represents a completely
Euro-centric worldview. I fail to see how she can be the correct
choice to represent India's ancient history and civilization.
"She completely disavows that India ever had a history. The
ongoing campaign by Romila Thapar and others to discredit Hindu
civilization is a war of cultural genocide. By your unfortunate
selection of Thapar, America is now aiding and abetting this
effort."
The petition has 133 signatures already. One of the signatories,
Hari Singh, said: "The comments from Ms Thapar are disgusting
and are reflection of her ignorance of Indian History."
Venkatesh, another signatory, commented, "It's a shame to the
USA & Indian govt. that a Communist like Romila Thapar is
having a free run."
#2.
[TEXT OF THE PETITION BY HINDU FUNDAMENTALISTS AGAINST DR. ROMILA THAPAR]
Protest US Supported Marxist Assault Against Hindus
To: US Library of Congress
It is a great travesty that Romila Thapar has been
appointed the first holder of the Kluge Chair in
Countries and Cultures of the South at the Library of
Congress.
In regards to India, she is an avowed antagonist of
India's Hindu civilization. As a well-known Marxist,
she represents a completely Euro-centric world view.
I fail to see how she can be the correct choice to
represent India's ancient history and civilization.
She completely disavows that India ever had a history.
Just as the Europeans discredited the American
Indian's land claims by ignoring that they represented
a unique civilization with a wholesome variety of
distinct linguistic and cultural traits, Thapar has
long expounded the same ignorant view of India's
unique history and civilization.
The ongoing campaign by Romila Thapar and others to
discredit Hindu civilization is a war of cultural
genocide. By your unfortunate selection of R.Thapar
for the Kluge Chair in Countries and Cultures of the
South at the Library of Congress, America is now aiding and
abbeting this effort.
The result of her "Historical Consciousness in Early
India" is already a foregone conclusion. She will of
course attempt to show that Early India had no
historical consciousness.
Why waste our American resources on a
Marxist idealogical assault on Hindu
civilization?Hinduism is the world's most ancient,
ongoing and largest cultural phenonmenon. Such a long
lived civilization surely has alot to teach the world.
So why support its denigration? As a Friend of India, I
protest this appointment.
Sincerely,
#3.
http://www.loc.gov/today/pr/2003/03-068.html
News from the Library of Congress
Public Affairs Office
101 Independence Avenue SE
Washington, DC
20540-1610
tel (202) 707-2905
fax (202) 707-9199
e-mail pao@loc.gov
April 17, 2003
Contact:
Helen Dalrymple (202) 707-1940
Robert Saladini (202) 707-2692
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Romila Thapar Named as First Holder of the Kluge Chair in Countries
and Cultures of the South at Library of Congress
Librarian of Congress James H. Billington has appointed Romila Thapar
as the first holder of the Kluge Chair in Countries and Cultures of
the South at the Library of Congress. The holder of this chair, which
is located in the John W. Kluge Center of the Library of Congress,
pursues research on the regions of Africa, Latin America, the Middle
East, South and Southeast Asia, or the islands of the Pacific
including Australia and New Zealand, using the immense foreign
language collections in the specialized reading rooms of the Library
of Congress.
As occupant of the Kluge Chair in Countries and Cultures of the
South, Thapar will spend ten months at the John W. Kluge Center
pursuing "Historical Consciousness in Early India" as her area of
research.
Romila Thapar, emeritus professor of Ancient Indian History at
Jawaharlal Nehru University in New Dehli, who has served as visiting
professor at Cornell University and the University of Pennsylvania,
is a recognized authority on Indian history. The author of many
seminal works on the history of ancient India, her volume of the
Penguin History of India has been continuously in print since 1966.
Her latest publication is "Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300."
Other recent works are "History and Beyond," "Cultural Pasts: Essays
in Early Indian History," and "History and Beyond." In her published
works, Thapar has pioneered both the study of early Indian texts as
history and the integration of the critical use of archaeology with
written sources.
During her illustrious career, Thapar has held many visiting posts in
Europe, the United States and Japan. She is an Honorary Fellow at
Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford, and at the School of Oriental and African
Studies (SOAS), University of London. She has honorary doctorates
from the University of Chicago, the Institut National des Langues et
Civilisations Orientales in Paris, the University of Oxford and the
University of Calcutta.
Through a generous endowment from its namesake, the Library of
Congress established the John W. Kluge Center in 2000 to bring
together the world's best thinkers to stimulate, energize, and
distill wisdom from the Library's rich resources and to interact with
policymakers in Washington, D.C. The Kluge Center houses five senior
Kluge Chairs (American Law and Governance, Countries and Cultures of
the North, Countries and Cultures of the South, Technology and
Society, and Modern Culture); other senior-level chairs (Henry A.
Kissinger Chair, Cary and Ann Maguire Chair in American History and
Ethics, and the Harissios Papamarkou Chair in Education); and nearly
25 post-doctoral fellows.
=46or more information about the Kluge Chair in Countries and Cultures
of the South or any of the other fellowships and grants offered by
the John W. Kluge Center, contact the Office of Scholarly Programs,
Library of Congress, 101 Independence Avenue S.E, Washington, DC
20540-4860; telephone (202) 707-3302, fax 202-707-3595, web:
http://www.loc.gov/loc/kluge/.
PR 03-68
04/17/03
ISSN 0731-3527
#3.
[Writings by Dr. Romila Thapar are too numerous to list, but most of
her well known books are listed below]
- Cultural Pasts - Essays in Early Indian History
by Romila Thapar
Oxford University Press 2003
http://www.oup.co.uk/isbn/0-19-566487-6
-The Penguin History of Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300
by Romila Thapar
http://www.penguinbooksindia.com/Books/aspBookDetail.asp?ID=3D5164
- Sakuntala: Texts, Readings, Histories
Romila Thapar
Kali for Women, (1999 / 2000)
- Asoka and the Decline of the Mauryas
With a New Afterword Bibliography and Index
by Romila Thapar
Oxford University Press, May 1998
- Recent perspectives of early Indian history. Thapar Romila. (ed).
Bombay: Popular Prakashan, 1995.
- Interpreting Early India
by Romila Thapar
Oxford University Press 1994
- Ancient Indian Social History.by Romila Thapar
New Delhi: Orient Longman, 1979.
- History of India, Vol. 2
by Percival George Spear and Romila Thapar
Penguin
- A History of India, Vol. 1
by Romila Thapar
Penguin (1966)
#4.
[ 2 Recent Book Reviews of 'Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300' ]
The Hindu
Sunday, Apr 06, 2003
Literary Review
http://www.hinduonnet.com/lr/stories/2003040600110200.htm
Monumental history
In Early India, Romila Thapar attempts the grand sweep, reconciling
diverse trends and adjudicating between rival positions. SANJAY
SUBRAHMANYAM, though appreciative of the balanced tone, would have
preferred some fireworks thrown in too.
A CERTAIN Indian social scientist living in New York, who shall
naturally remain unnamed here, is believed to have boasted to his
colleagues that he was "like the Taj Mahal - everyone who visits the
city has to come and see me." Romila Thapar, who is today a very
young 72 and rather more modest than the person mentioned above, is a
monument of sorts too in the Indian historiography, though the
appropriate comparison may be to the Jantar Mantar rather than to the
Taj Mahal. By this I mean that with her work, the emphasis is on
utility rather than pure aesthetic appeal, even though a certain
residual enigmatic quality remains. And to push the metaphor to its
conclusion, like that monument located on Sansad Marg, she has
managed to be both centrally located and to maintain a distance from
the Connaught Place hurly-burly of the Indian history establishment.
Romila Thapar's reputation does not rest on a single work, but on the
capacity to have adapted herself decade after decade to changing
trends and tendencies, and to have continued nevertheless to produce
work of a consistent quality. Most Indian historians of her
generation either were one-monograph wonders (effectively the case of
the demi-god of medievalists, Professor Irfan Habib), incapable of
mounting a fresh project once their doctoral thesis was done; or
otherwise they were specialists of the "one-note samba", producing
fresh books on Indian feudalism every two years which effectively
said the same thing again, again and still again. Romila Thapar on
the other hand has moved from her early work on the Mauryas, to a
general consideration of early state-formation that is much
influenced by the marriage of Marxism and structuralism, to
reflections on the epics, historiography and a host of other
subjects. In this vast output, an early book does stand out: this is
her History of India, first published by Penguin in 1966, and which
has been used since in countless classrooms by numberless students.
Written when the author was in her early thirties, the book is a
prime example of chutzpah, and what is remarkable is that it easily
upstaged the second volume of that same series, written by the
"senior scholar" Percival Spear. The work under review here is a much
revised version of the same text, written some four decades later,
and has expanded from about 350 pages to over 550 pages in the newer
version.
The work is organised as 13 chapters, which - after an introductory
set of two, on historiography and on "landscapes and peoples" -
follow a broadly chronological trend, although there is occasionally
a shift to a more thematic organisation (as in Chapters 11 to 13, all
of which deal with the centuries from about 800 to 1300). Political
history in the sense of state-formation continues to dominate as a
theme, but this is of course no mere dynastic history. Rather the
emphasis is solidly on questions of socio-political history, and the
interaction between state and society; questions of trade and
agrarian economy are of course present, though cultural themes do lag
noticeably behind and are often treated as appendages of social
history. In each chapter, the evidence from secondary literature is
carefully weighed, and a mix of the author's own prose and citations
from the primary sources serves to give the reader a sense of the
"style" of each epoch. Obviously, the author is more comfortable with
certain periods than others, and the discomfort is clear when we move
from the middle chapters (which are certainly the strongest) to
either the early ones or the later ones. The problem though is that
every reviewer will have his or her axe to grind. Early historians
will find archaeology underplayed, while historians of the Delhi
Sultanate will find that their period is treated in a somewhat
schematic fashion. But this is really neither here nor there. The
real question is how this work compares with others of a similar
scope and ambition.
Here, only two serious rival candidates exist, namely Kulke and
Rothermund's work, and the posthumously published History of India by
Burton Stein. The former does possess some notable virtues in its
first half, namely a closer attention to sources and to the
nitty-gritty of history. On the other hand, it is also rather weak on
the later centuries of the first millennium of the Christian era.
Stein's work takes a somewhat different tack, by assuming the
explicit burden of a schematic argument, which Romila Thapar largely
eschews. She attempts the grand sweep which also reconciles diverse
trends, and attempts to adjudicate between rival positions. Those who
like their history written in a sober and balanced tone will hence
much prefer her volume, though it is a sad commentary on the popular
perception of ancient Indian history today that even this even-handed
work will be tarred by some as being "sectarian". My own chief
complaint against the work is quite different: namely, that there are
not enough fireworks in it. We have had an "Aligarh School", a
"Cambridge School", an "Allahabad School" and even a "JNU School" in
Indian history. I am inclined, especially for the southern readers of
The Hindu, to suggest that it is high time to promote the existence
of a "Sivakasi School".
Early India: From the Origins to AD 1300, Romila Thapar, London,
Allen Lane, 2002
Sanjay Subrahmanyam is Professor of Indian History and Culture in the
University of Oxford.
SANJAY SUBRAHMANYAM
Outlook Magazine (India)
May 05, 2003
http://www.outlookindia.com/full.asp?fodname=3D20030505&fname=3DBooksb&sid=
=3D1
REVIEW
Not Quite The Satanic Verse
Hopefully, the work would be read not only by all those who are
interested in understanding essential strands of early India's
cultural dynamics, but more importantly, also by those who are fast
emerging as Satan
K.M. SHRIMALI
EARLY INDIA: FROM THE ORIGINS TO AD 1300
by Romila Thapar
PENGUIN INDIA
PRICE: 395; PAGES: 592
This thoroughly-revised version of the author's classic A History of
India, Vol I must be welcomed for its timely arrival when the country
is battling with renewed attempts to mythify history and redefine the
parameters of the Indian nation. The new version closes at c. AD 1300
instead of AD 1526 as in the earlier version. Considering the space
devoted to this period in the two versions, the present edition has
almost been doubled.
More maps and figures; a reasonably comprehensive, up-to-date and
more systematically arranged bibliography add to its freshness.
The earlier version gave an impression that the whole text was
planned in a broad political frame, though material and cultural
developments through the millennia were never ignored. A
nomenclature-related rethinking is now visible in formulations
seeking to focus on broad contours of socio-economic and
politico-cultural developments. The post-independence writing on
early Indian history has been enriched through analyses of the lives
of commoners. Thapar familiarises the reader with the emerging new
vocabulary. A thrust on archaeology providing tangible data in the
form of artifacts and material remains; the study of oral
traditions-distinguishing between 'frozen' (Vedic) and 'more open'
(epic poetry)-along with fieldwork; the use of linguistics as a tool
for historical reconstruction, particularly to question the notion of
communities and their identities being 'static': all this has made
history-writing challenging, its reading fascinating.
The fourth chapter ('Towards Chiefdoms and Kingdoms, c 1200-600 BC')
is an effective refutation of many fanciful ideas that are being
touted around about the indigenous origins of the 'Aryans'; and how
the glorious 'Aryan culture' is identical with the Harappan culture.
Here, by carefully sifting data from linguistics, the vast corpus of
Vedic literature and archaeological evidence, Thapar presents a
nuanced construction of two different historical processes: invasion
and migration.
Thapar devotes considerable space to several issues involved in the
socio-political formations during the millennium stretching from AD
300 to 1300. After all, paradigms of 'Indian feudalism' and its
alternatives such as segmentary state and integrative polities' have
been the focus of writings in the last five decades. Thapar, while
making her positions clear, is never dogmatic. To illustrate, while
she is unconvinced about the sustainability of segmentary state and
integrative polities as pan-India phenomena, she wants a
reconsideration of the long-forgotten hypotheses of the two phases of
Indian feudalism ('feudalism from above' and 'feudalism from below').
=46urther, amidst all the excitement about agrarian expansion during
this millennium, she provides a timely reminder about "diverted
attention from pastoralism", which was quite important in the
"interstices of agrarian areas and in some hill states". She stresses
on the transformation of pastoral clans into castes of cultivators.
This, indeed, is just one of the many perceptive observations on
mutations of varna and jati through India's long history that is a
running theme of the book.
Barring a few typographical errors, this competently produced volume
is marked by Thapar's lyrical narrative. She writes, "A fundamental
sanity in Indian civilisation has been due to an absence of Satan."
Hopefully, the work would be read not only by all those who are
genuinely interested in understanding essential strands of early
India's cultural dynamics, but more importantly, also by those who
are fast emerging as Satan.
#5.
[URLS to some recent lectures and interviews with Romila Thapar]
Webcast: Romila Thapar: History and Contemporary Politics in India
Running Time: 1 hour, 32 minutes
http://webcast.berkeley.edu/events/replay.html?event_id=3D35
[PDF]Two Lectures by Romila Thapar
=46ile Format: PDF/Adobe Acrobat - View as HTML
Two Lectures by Romila Thapar Professor Emeritus of History,
Jawaharlal Nehru University,
Delhi Monday, November 4, 2002
http://ias.berkeley.edu/southasia/thapar.pdf
BBC Audio
Historian Professor Romila Thaper "There is an attempt to suggest the
only history and civilisation that matter are Hindu" - BBC (May 10,
2002)
http://news.bbc.co.uk/olmedia/1970000/audio/_1974980_history22_thaper.ram
In defence of history
ROMILA THAPAR
Text of Lecture delivered at Thiruvananthapuram on 2 March 2002
http://www.india-seminar.com/2003/521/521%20romila%20thapar.htm
Secular Education and the Federal Polity
Romila Thapar
text of her address at the 'National Convention Against
Saffronisation of Education', organised by SAHMAT (August 4-6, 2001,
New Delhi, India)
http://www.ercwilcom.net/~indowindow/sad/godown/edu/rtsefp.htm
Hindutva and history
Why do Hindutva ideologues keep flogging a dead horse?
ROMILA THAPAR (October 2000)
http://www.flonnet.com/fl1720/17200150.htm
An Interview with Romila Thapar (4 February 1999)
http://www.mnet.fr/aiindex/thaparFeb99.html
#7.
[ URLS of documentation on assault on established historical research
and on intellectuals and artists in India ]
- 'It is a fear of history'
Interview with K.N. Panikkar.
http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl1705/17050240.htm
- Manufacturing Myths
K N PANIKKAR
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/cms.dll/html/uncomp/articleshow?art_id=3D=
8391199
The Rediff Interview/ Professor Irfan Habib
http://www.rediff.com/news/2001/jan/05inter.htm
- Rewriting history - I
By R. Champakalakshmi
http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2002/03/25/stories/2002032500041000.htm
- History As Told by Non-Historians
by Anjali Mody.
http://www.hinduonnet.com/stories/2001121600961300.htm
- On Rewriting History in India: The problem
by Neeladri Bhattacharya
http://www.india-seminar.com/2003/522.htm
- Righting or rewriting Hindu history
By Ann Ninan
http://www.atimes.com/ind-pak/BB23Df01.html
- A saffron offensive
R. KRISHNAKUMAR
http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl1924/stories/20021206002504900.htm
- Assault on art
The bizarre attack by Hindutva forces at the home of M.F. Husain in
Mumbai has once again brought the issue of freedom of artistic
expression into focus.
http://www.flonnet.com/fl1510/15100210.htm
Posted by: Awaaz / 5/24/2003 08:40:56 PM
For immediate release:
Washington D.C., May 20, 2003
IMC-USA alarmed at birthday celebrations for Gandhi's assassin
The
promote values of pluralism and tolerance, with particular focus on
the Indian Diaspora in the United States, expressed great alarm today
over the birthday celebrations for Gandhi's assassin carried out by
some groups.
The call for the celebration was given most prominently by
HinduUnity, the US-based wing of Bajrang Dal, which is the youth
front of World Hindu Council (VHP), and by the Hindu Mahasabha.
HinduUnity (
openly urged the celebration, stating on its website
(HinduUnity.org): "Celebrate Shri Nathuram Godse's Birth on May 19th.
Send a message to the enemies of humanity that we will fight and even
die to protect the basic principle of Hinduism..". It further
denigrated Gandhi's great message of humanism and the unique movement
he led for Indian independence by saying: "Gandhi was a downright
PACIFIST, without guts and SCRUPLES. His constant preaching to his
fellow Hindus, to be non violent at all times, EVEN IN THE FACE OF
AGGRESSION, paralyzed the manhood of India, mentally and physically.."
Dr. Santosh Kumar Rai, founder of the revived extremist group, Hindu
Mahasabha, also sent an open circular on several mailing lists urging
all Hindus to celebrate the birthday of Gandhi's assassin.
Reacting to these events, IMC-USA General Secretary, Mr. M.K. Rehman
said "This is the biggest possible insult to all those who revere
Gandhi and his message across the world. It is shocking that groups
espousing the divisive and hate-based ideology of Hindutva feel
emboldened enough to carry out this celebration campaign openly."
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